Abstract:
Modelling of hydrosystems is of increasing demand in fields of water and environmental research and basically includes modelling of surface water and groundwater flow. Due to the limitation of available data and the complexity of geo-systems themselves in most modelling tasks, Geographical Information System (GIS) is taken as a useful tool due to the ability to store diverse kinds of hydrogeological information in a common understandable structure combined with its capabilities. The GIS data are served as the input parameters for the numerical modelling. Modern GIS , not yet based on a real 3D spatial representation, focus on 2 and 2.5 dimensions to represent surface and groundwater system. The construction of 3D model is challenging and of vital importance in order to accurately simulate hydrodynamic flow. This work presents the integration implementation of GIS methods within the numerical modelling software GeoSys/Rockflow (Kolditz et al. 2004) and demonstrates how GIS technology and its integration make the geometric construction of 2D and 3D hydrosystem models easier. The 3D structural model was built based on the implemented integration techniques using existing GIS data. The GIS project contains hydrogeological boundaries extracted from geological maps, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), raster maps for the aquifer layers, fault system, river network, lithology (cross section), boreholes, and springs. The data are kept in a GIS project and converted into geometric components of the modeling system : GEOLib, and then can be used as boundary conditions, initial conditions, source sink terms, material groups and model domain. Fundamental geometric objects are points, polylines, surfaces, volumes and domains. In addition, the concept of advanced layer models, such as layer polylines, layer surfaces with Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN), layer volumes are implemented in the finite element program, which are the methodology for the construction of a 3D structural model. In order to accomplish these aims described above, the following contributions were achieved: To design and implement the geometric objects library (GEOLib) within GeoSys/RockFlow; to create the interface between GIS data and GeoSys/RockFlow; to extend the existing Graphical User Interface (GUI) of GeoSys/RockFlow for the features mentioned. As a result, the GIS integrated concept was demonstrated in several case studies in Middle East, Europe, and in local area Tübingen, which was also used as an education example for the students.